The phenomenon that the openings of the image are filled in with dried ink or other objects. The opposite phonemenon to “filling in” is smearing.

The separation of the colors caused by the pigment with different polarity or different specific gravity. This often happens to low-viscous ink. Titanium white, cyanine blue, phthalocyanine, carbon black tend to cause flooding. This problem may be solved by stirring the ink well before use.